Icupa rya parufe

Icupa rya parufe, icyombo cyakozwe kugirango gifate impumuro.Urutonde rwamatwi iis Umunyamisiri kandi rwatangiye ahagana mu 1000 mbere ya Yesu.Umunyamisiri yakoresheje impumuro nziza, cyane cyane mu mihango y'idini;nkigisubizo, mugihe bahimbye ibirahuri, byakoreshwaga cyane mubikoresho bya parufe.Icyerekezo cya parufe cyakwirakwiriye mu Bugereki, aho kontineri, akenshi terra-cotta cyangwa ikirahure, yakozwe muburyo butandukanye no muburyo butandukanye nk'ibirenge byumusenyi, inyoni, inyamaswa, n'umutwe w'abantu.Abanyaroma, batekerezaga ko parufe ari aphrodisiacs, ntibakoresheje amacupa y’ibirahure gusa, ahubwo banakoresheje ibirahuri, nyuma yo kuyitanga mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya mbere mbere ya Yesu mbere y’abakora ibirahuri bya Siriya.Kugabanuka kwa parufe byagabanutse muburyo bwo gutangira ubukristu, bihurirana no kwangirika kw'ibirahure.

Mu kinyejana cya 12, Philippe-Auguste w’Ubufaransa yari amaze gushyiraho sitati igizwe n’ishyaka rya mbere rya parfumeurs, kandi mu kinyejana cya 13 gukora ibirahuri bya Venetiya byari bimaze gushingwa.Mu kinyejana cya 16, 17, na cyane cyane ikinyejana cya 18, icupa ry impumuro yafataga uburyo butandukanye kandi bunoze: byakozwe mubutaka, ifeza, umuringa, ikirahure, farufari, emam, cyangwa guhuza ibyo bikoresho;Ikinyejana cya 18, amacupa yimpumuro yari ameze nkinjangwe, inyoni, clown, nibindi bisa;nibintu bitandukanye byamacupa ya enamel yashushanyije harimo amashusho yubushumba, imbuto za chinoiseries, nindabyo.

Mu kinyejana cya 19, ibishushanyo mbonera bya kera, nk'ibyakozwe n'umukoresha w'ibikoresho byo mu Bwongereza, Josiya Wedgwood, byaje gucika intege;ariko ubukorikori bujyanye n'amacupa ya parufe bwari bwangiritse.Mu myaka ya za 1920, ariko, Rene Lalique, umunyamerika ukomeye w’umucuzi w’umufaransa, yongeye gushimishwa n’amacupa akoresheje ingero z’ibirahure bibumbabumbwe, byaranzwe n’imiterere y’ibarafu n’uburyo bunoze bwo gutabara.